• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a godet unit for guiding and treating strand-shaped fiber products, which has a drivable roll shell and a three-phase motor, which is coupled via a rotor (5) with the roll shell. The three-phase motor is designed as an asynchronous machine with control electronics for controlling the speed. For speed control, the rotor has at least one imbalance (8.1, 8.2) on the circumference, which leads to a magnetic anisotropy. To detect this magnetic anisotropy, the control electronics has a measuring device.
    公开号:CH704805B1
    申请号:CH01282/12
    申请日:2011-03-15
    公开日:2016-06-15
    发明作者:Baader Uwe；Rüter Markus
    申请人:Ritter Elektronik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a godet unit for guiding and treating strand-shaped fiber products according to the preamble of claim 1.
    In order to be able to perform the strand-shaped fibrous material in a melt spinning process or a textile process, godet units are usually used which have a drivable roll shell, on the circumference of the fiber product is guided. For example, in a melt spinning process it is customary to remove and stretch the freshly extruded threads from a spinning device. For this purpose, the threads are guided on roll shells of such godet units. As fiber products, individual threads, a bundle of threads or fiber bundles or flat fiber products, such as, for example, fabric webs, can thus be guided. In all the processes, it is necessary that the fiber product is guided at a predetermined speed by the peripheral speed of the roll shell of the godet unit. Thus, for example, in the production of synthetic threads, the withdrawal speed and the drawing speed are of great importance in order to be able to set the physical properties on the thread material within narrow limits on each of the threads. Therefore, it is customary to drive the roller shells with a three-phase motor, which is preferably designed as an asynchronous machine with control electronics for controlling the speed. Such a godet unit is known for example from DE 19 726 258 A1.
    In order to drive the roll shell with a predetermined peripheral speed in the known godet unit, the rotational speed motor is superimposed on a speed control. For this purpose, the output by the three-phase motor delivered actual speed of a rotor is detected directly and used within the control electronics for controlling the three-phase motor. However, such speed control devices require additional speed sensors and an additional cabling effort, so that an increased susceptibility to interference is present, especially in the harsh environment of extrusion processes. In addition, ever-increasing competitive pressure in the textile industry requires cost-effective and reliable aggregates.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to form a godet unit of the type mentioned above such that designed as an asynchronous three-phase motor drives a roll shell with predetermined peripheral speeds substantially without additional device components.
    This object is achieved in that the rotor has at least one asymmetry on the circumference, which leads to a magnetic anisotropy, and that the control electronics is connected to a measuring device for detecting the magnetic anisotropy.
    Advantageous developments of the invention are defined by the features and feature combinations of the respective dependent claims.
    The invention is based on the finding that, depending on the load of the roll mantle, different slip states occur in the asynchronous machine. Thus, the differences between a target speed and an actual speed are only approximately calculable and do not correspond to reality. The real slip is identifiable only directly at the position of the rotor or the rotational speed of the rotor. The invention thus completely turns away from the known control methods and selects a new way. The asymmetry contained in the circumference of the rotor creates an irregularity in the position-dependent coupling between the stator and the rotor, which leads to a magnetic anisotropy. With the help of a measuring device, the magnetic anisotropy is detected and fed to the control electronics. The magnetic anisotropy results in differences in reactance within the stator-rotor assembly which, as is known, can be detected in various ways by current and / or voltage signals.
    According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measurement signals of the measuring device are calculated directly within the control electronics by a signal processor to an actual speed. This ensures that the circumferential speed determining actual speed of the rotor is known for each load condition of the roll shell and thus the three-phase motor and can be taken into account in the control. The measuring signals enable high-precision detection of the actual speed, which have no system-related deviations.
    Advantageously, the control electronics for this purpose contains a control algorithm, by which a control signal can be generated from a predetermined target rotational speed of the rotor and the actual rotational speed of the rotor. Thus, the roll shell can be operated with a peripheral speed proportional to the target speed constant. In addition, it is also advantageous to set different operating states on the roll shell rapidly and precisely as a function of its load.
    For detecting the magnetic anisotropy, the measuring device is preferably designed with a current sensor and / or a voltage sensor, so that an actual rotational speed of the rotor can be determined solely via the current and / or voltage signals. This development allows a self-sufficient use for determining the measurement signals.
    A particularly advantageous integration can be achieved by the development of the invention, in which the measuring device is designed as a measuring board and in which the measuring board is integrated in a converter, by which the three-phase motor with a desired frequency is controllable. Such converters are usually encapsulated in separate housings or cabinets, so that safe operation is possible even in a contaminated environment, for example by thread preparations. A sensor is not required because the current and voltage signals are already present within the inverter. Thus, the voltage can be determined with the aid of the intermediate circuit voltage.
    For the realization of high peripheral speeds, for example, in the production of synthetic threads in the range of 1000 to 5000 m / min. can lie, the development of the invention is preferably used, in which the rotor has two offset by 180 ° circumferentially offset from each other formed asymmetry sites. This prevents imbalance on the rotor.
    Depending on the design of the rotor, the imbalance can be formed by a bore and / or a groove and / or a flattening on the circumference of the rotor. It is essential here that a measurable magnetic anisotropy is established in the stator-rotor arrangement. Thus, it is also possible to integrate the anisotropy already in the construction of the rotor.
    For the production of synthetic threads in particular such developments of the invention have proven, in which the rotor is designed as a drive shaft which is connected at one end to the roll shell and which carries the rotor with the asymmetry at a motor portion.
    The drive shaft is preferably mounted between the roll shell and the three-phase motor to a roll carrier.
    The invention will be described in more detail with reference to some embodiments of the inventive godet unit.
    [0017] FIG.<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> schematically a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the galette unit according to the invention<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the three-phase motor from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the godet unit according to the invention
    In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of an inventive galette unit is shown schematically. The godet unit has a cup-shaped roll shell 1, which is connected via a hub 21 with one end of a drive shaft 2. For this purpose, the hub 21 of the roll shell 1 is rotatably connected via a fastening means 20 with the drive shaft 2.
    The drive shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on a cantilevered hollow cylindrical part of a roller carrier 3 via the shaft bearings 18. The hollow cylindrical part of the roll carrier 3 projects into the interior of the roll shell 1, wherein a heating device 19 is arranged between the roll carrier 3 and the roll shell 1. The heater 19 is held on the roller carrier 3 for this purpose. As a heater 19 heating coils are preferably used, through which the roll shell 1 is inductively heated.
    At a drive end, the drive shaft 2 is coupled via a coupling means 17 with a rotor shaft 15 of a three-phase motor 4. The three-phase motor 4 has a motor housing 14, in which a stator 6 and a rotor 5 fixedly connected to the rotor shaft 5 is arranged. The three-phase motor 4 is designed as an asynchronous machine, so that the stator 6 carries a stator winding. The rotor 5 is designed as a squirrel-cage rotor. The rotor 5 has an asymmetry 8, which are formed in this embodiment by two offset by 180 ° to each other arranged asymmetry sites.
    As shown in the illustration in Fig. 2, the asymmetry points 8.1 and 8.2 are introduced by axially extending grooves directly in the circumference of the rotor 5. As a result, at the asymmetrical points 8.1 and 8.2, an air gap formed between the stator 6 and the rotor 5 increases. It should be expressly mentioned at this point that the form of asymmetry shown here on the rotor 5 is only an example. In principle, all parts necessary for the construction of the rotor can be used to create an asymmetry on the rotor in order to generate the magnetic anisotropy.
    As is apparent from Fig. 1, the rotatably connected to the rotor 5 rotor shaft 15 is rotatably supported in the motor housing 4 through the rotor bearings 16. The drive end of the rotor shaft 15 projects out of the motor housing 14 and is coupled via the coupling means 17 with one end of the drive shaft 2.
    The three-phase motor 4 is associated with an electronic control unit 7. The control electronics 7 has for supplying and controlling the three-phase motor, an inverter 11 which is coupled via the supply line 10 to the stator 6. On the supply lines 10, a self-sufficient measuring device 9 is connected, which is connected via a signal processor 12 to the control electronics 7. The control electronics 7 has for this purpose a control processor 13, in which the signal processor 12 is integrated.
    The control electronics 7 and the measuring device 9 shown in Fig. 1 are usually encapsulated in a housing, not shown here and can be assigned directly to the godet unit. However, there is also the possibility that the control electronics 7 is arranged separately in a control cabinet.
    In operation, the control processor 13, a target rotational speed of the three-phase motor 4 is predetermined, with which the rotor 5, the drive shaft 2 drives to obtain a predetermined peripheral speed of the roll shell 1 for guiding a strand-shaped fiber product. Via the control processor 13, the inverter 11 will drive the three-phase motor 4 at a desired frequency, so that the rotor 5 rotates within the stator 6. Now, the imbalance 8 leads to the circumference of the rotor 5 to a magnetic anisotropy, which in particular affects the reactance within the stator-rotor assembly. The time variation of the reactance occurs proportional to the slip frequency, so that the detection of the magnetic anisotropy can be used to determine the rotor frequency and thus the engine slip. In this embodiment, the measuring device 9 current sensors, for example, to detect the amplitude of the current or the course of the current. In this case, the differences in reactance caused by the magnetic anisotropy can be determined and converted with the aid of the signal processor into an actual rotational speed of the rotor. Within the control processor 13, the actual rotational speed of the rotor can now be compared with the predetermined desired rotational speed of the rotor in order to generate corresponding control signals. The control signals are applied to the inverter 11, so that the three-phase motor 4 is controlled with a corrected desired frequency. By continuous measurements of the magnetic anisotropy between the stator 6 and the rotor 5, the load changes which have an effect on the three-phase motor are advantageously compensated. Thus, regardless of the size of the engine slip and the load of the engine, the respective actual speed of the rotor can be determined from the magnetic anisotropy. In addition, the measurement is independent of the external conditions such. As the temperature. Such godet units can also be advantageously operated with different load conditions, which is determined, for example, by the number of yarns guided on the roll shell.
    In Fig. 3, another embodiment of a godet unit is shown, as it is preferably used to guide one or more threads in textile machines. In this embodiment, the drive shaft 2 projects directly into the three-phase motor 4 with a motor section 22 and carries the rotor 5 on this motor section 22.
    The rotor 5 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 2 and has an asymmetry 8 on the circumference. The asymmetry 8 could also be embodied in this exemplary embodiment as two asymmetrical points designed to be circumferentially offset. In the event that the asymmetry of the rotor should result in an air gap change, it is also possible to make 5 holes or flattening or trimming in the scope of the rotor. This also limited enlargements of the air gap between the rotor 5 and the stator 6 can be generated. The rotor 5 and the stator 6 are arranged within a motor housing 14, which is cup-shaped and is held on the roller carrier 3.
    The drive shaft 2 penetrates the roller carrier 3 with a drive end, on which a roll shell 1 is held. Within the roller carrier 3, the drive shaft 2 is rotatably supported by the shaft bearings 18.
    In this embodiment, the three-phase motor 4, the control electronics 7 is assigned. Here, the measuring device is formed by a measuring board 9.1, which is disposed within the inverter 11 and the output of the supply line 10 is assigned. The measuring board 9.1 carries at least one voltage sensor and a current sensor, which are connected via the outputs of the inverter 11 to a control processor 13. The inverter 11 is controlled by the control processor 13, wherein the control processor 13 includes the signal processor 12 for evaluating the measurement signals. Thus, in this embodiment, the interfaces formed between the inverter 11 and the control processor 13 are used for signal transmission. The function and the control algorithm of the control processor are identical to the aforementioned embodiment, so that no further explanation takes place at this point.
    In the embodiments of the control electronics shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the hardware components are shown only by way of example. Basically, such control electronics are usually formed by a control unit, which is associated with the three-phase motor. The control unit contains all hardware and software facilities in order to be able to perform not only the motor control but also the measurement and evaluation of the magnetic anisotropy. It is essential here that the rotor 5 has one or more asymmetries in order to produce the magnetic anisotropy.
    In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the structure and the arrangement of the individual parts of the godet unit are also only exemplary.
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
    [0032]<Tb> 1 <September> roll shell<Tb> 2 <September> Drive Shaft<Tb> 3 <September> roll support<Tb> 4 <September> AC motor<Tb> 5 <September> Rotor<Tb> 6 <September> stator<Tb> 7 <September> control electronics<Tb> 8 <September> asymmetry<tb> 8.1, 8.2 <SEP> Unbalance site<Tb> 9 <September> measuring device<Tb> 9.1 <September> Measuring board<Tb> 10 <September> supply line<Tb> 11 <September> inverter<Tb> 12 <September> signal processor<Tb> 13 <September> control processor<Tb> 14 <September> motor housing<Tb> 15 <September> rotor shaft<Tb> 16 <September> rotor bearing<Tb> 17 <September> coupling agent<Tb> 18 <September> shaft bearings<Tb> 19 <September> heater<Tb> 20 <September> fasteners<Tb> 21 <September> hub<Tb> 22 <September> motor section
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. godet unit for guiding and treating a strand-shaped fiber product with a drivable roll shell (1) and with a three-phase motor (4) which is coupled via a rotor (5) with the roll shell (1), wherein the three-phase motor (4) as an asynchronous machine is formed with control electronics (7) for controlling the speed,characterized in that the rotor (5) on the circumference at least one asymmetry (8), which leads to a magnetic anisotropy, and that the control electronics (7) comprises a measuring device (9) for detecting the magnetic anisotropy.
    [2]
    2. godet unit according to claim 1,characterized in that the control electronics (7) comprises a signal processor (13) which calculates an actual rotational speed of the rotor from the supplied measuring signals of the measuring device (9).
    [3]
    3. godet unit according to claim 2,characterized in that the control electronics (7) includes a control processor (12) through which a control signal can be generated from a predetermined target rotational speed of the rotor and the actual rotational speed of the rotor.
    [4]
    4. godet unit according to one of claims 1 to 3,characterized in that the measuring device (9) has a current sensor and / or a voltage sensor.
    [5]
    5. godet unit according to one of claims 1 to 4,characterized in that the measuring device (9) as a measuring board (9.1) is formed, which is integrated in a converter (11) through which the three-phase motor (4) is controllable at a desired frequency.
    [6]
    6. godet unit according to one of claims 1 to 5,characterized in that the asymmetry (8) is formed in that the rotor (5) has two offset by 180 ° on the circumference to each other formed asymmetry points (8.1, 8.2).
    [7]
    7. godet unit according to claim 6,characterized in that at least one of the asymmetrical points (8.1, 8.2) is formed by a bore and / or a groove and / or a flattening on the circumference of the rotor.
    [8]
    8. Galette unit according to one of claims 1 to 7,characterized in that the rotor (5) on a drive shaft (2) is formed, which is connected at one end to the roll shell (1) and which on a motor portion (22) carries the rotor (5).
    [9]
    9. godet unit according to claim 8,characterized in that the drive shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on a roller carrier (3).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2548301A2|2013-01-23|
    DE112011100920A5|2013-01-17|
    CN102783013A|2012-11-14|
    WO2011113810A3|2012-06-28|
    CN102783011A|2012-11-14|
    CN102783013B|2015-12-16|
    WO2011113809A2|2011-09-22|
    WO2011113809A3|2012-06-14|
    WO2011113810A2|2011-09-22|
    EP2548301B1|2015-06-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH01218343A|1988-02-24|1989-08-31|Hitachi Ltd|Rotor for rotary electric machine|
    DE19726258C2|1996-07-01|2001-10-04|Barmag Barmer Maschf|Godet unit for guiding and conveying a thread|
    JP3266175B2|1996-07-12|2002-03-18|株式会社安川電機|Method and apparatus for controlling an induction motor|
    US5729113A|1997-01-21|1998-03-17|General Electric Company|Sensorless rotor velocity estimation for induction motors|
    DE10343460A1|2002-10-04|2004-04-15|Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg|Roller drive for synthetic fiber spinning uses individual frequency controlled motors with one motor operating at a controlled speed slip|
    ITTO20040399A1|2004-06-16|2004-09-16|Univ Catania|CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES WITH AC MOTORS.|CN105121721B|2013-04-09|2017-05-10|欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司|Godet roll|
    CN108319570B|2018-01-31|2021-06-08|哈尔滨工业大学|Asynchronous multi-sensor space-time deviation joint estimation and compensation method and device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102010011482|2010-03-16|
    DE102010014894A|DE102010014894A1|2010-04-14|2010-04-14|Galette unit for guiding and handling e.g. strand-type synthetic fiber product in textile machine in textile industry, during textile process, has rotor exhibiting asymmetry, and measurement device detecting anisotropy|
    PCT/EP2011/053841|WO2011113809A2|2010-03-16|2011-03-15|Galette unit|
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